Al-Azhar Ulama Explain One Hadith That Is Often Misunderstood and Causes War
Al-Azhar Ulama Explain One Hadith That Is Often Misunderstood and Causes War
Al-Azhar Hadith expert, Sheikh Usamah Azhari straightens out a hadith that is often misunderstood by many people. Because, from this hadith that later gave birth to extreme groups (firaq).
The statement was made when completing the Sanad Arbain an-Nawawi Diploma Study at Zawiyah ar-Raudhah, Tebet, South Jakarta (17/11/22).
The hadith mentioned is the 8th hadith from the Book of Arbain an-Nawawi which reads;
فَاِذَا فَعَلُوا ذلك, عَصَمُوا مِنِّي دِمَاءَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ اِلَّا بِحَقِّ الاِسْلَامِ, وَحِسَْ
From Ibn 'Umar Radhiyallahu 'Anhuma that Rasulullah Shallallahu 'Alaihi wa Sallam said, "I was ordered to fight people so that they testify that there is no god who has the right to be worshiped except Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, establish prayers, and pay zakat. If they do that, then they have protected their blood and property, except with Islamic rights, and their account is left to Allah." (Narrated by Bukhari No. 50 and Muslim No. 22)
According to him, many people misunderstand this hadith. It's as if Islam requires fighting and shedding blood in order to realize the creed. Finally, they are trapped in extremist and radical actions.
“From this hadith, many people are trapped in misunderstandings such as what happened among the Wahhabis, Ikhwani and Khawarij. They think that this hadith is a taklif (obligation) to fight that Allah has ordered them to do," said Sheikh Usamah.
The root of this misinterpretation is because these groups simply swallow the hadith textually without paying attention to other hadiths that have similar problems. They think so because the Prophet's will is to stick to two things, namely the Qur'an and Sunnah as well known. Even though for Sheikh Usamah it was not the case.
"When asked what the Prophet left for us, we will definitely be answered with two, the Qur'an and Sunnah. Actually, the Qur'an and Sunnah are still one unit. Because the second is manhaj (methodology) in understanding the Qur'an and Hadith," he explained.
This methodology for understanding texts is what is known as ushul fiqh. Meanwhile, Wahhabis and Ikhwani cover themselves and do not accept the existence of ushul fiqh as a manhaj (method) for understanding texts. Even though a verse cannot be understood only by looking at the literal meaning of the text. It is necessary to compromise (al-jam'u) the verse with other verses so that its meaning becomes clear and perfect.
"Start from the ushul fiqh scholars to make the rules of "compromising all the arguments from the Qur'an and hadith related to these problems" then know 'amm and hash, mutlaq and muqayyad, dilalalah lafaz, maqasid sharia," said the cleric who is also an adviser to the President this Egypt.
Furthermore, this adviser to the president of Egypt then explained the true meaning of the hadith. He quoted an explanation from the words of Imam Taqiyuddin as-Subki who mentioned another hadith that the Prophet had conveyed to Ali bin Abi Talib.
Amen
"O Ali, indeed Allah SWT guides someone with the effort of your hands, then it is better for you than any place where the sun rises over it (better than the world and its contents)."
Sheikh Usamah also said that after collecting these hadiths it can be understood that the meaning of qital is essentially guidance does not mean war or taking up arms.
"When this guidance can be achieved through knowledge and discussion, there is no need for war," he explained.
At the end of his explanation, he said that what was mentioned in the hadith were knowledge, guidance, proof, proof. All of that will not be complete if without being accompanied by noble morals.
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